Leafminer

Cause severe economic damage reducing photosynthetic ability of crops and aesthetic value of ornamentals.

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Characteristics

  • Damaging larvae of Liriomyza genus – tomato leaf miner Liriomyza bryoniae, serpentine leaf miner L. trifolii and pea leaf miner L. huidobrensis
  • Adult females (2-3mm) are black and yellow, with conspicuous yellow dorsal spot
  • Tiny, oval creamy-white eggs are laid in feeding dots
  • New hatched larvae (2mm) immediately start digging mines in leaves
  • To pupate, larvae cut a hole in the leaf cuticle and wriggle out
  • Yellow / reddish-brown pupae remain on the leaf or fall off

Life cycle

  • Highly fecund - leaf miners can lay several hundred eggs
  • Six development stages: egg, 3 larval stages, pupa and adult
  • Development from egg to adult temperature dependent – 2 weeks at 30 °C/86 °F and 7 weeks at 15 °C/59 °F.
  • Adult females live 1 to 2 weeks

Damage caused

  • Small silvery feeding marks on the upper leaf surface – made by females with their ovipositor to extract plant sap
  • Diseases can enter through these feeding dots
  • Larval mines dramatically reduce photosynthetic capacity – as well as aesthetic value of plants and cause withering/leaf shedding
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